📚 Grammar Tips 1

The perfect progressive tense shows an action that began in the past, continued for some time, and may still be ongoing; formed using "have/has been" + -ing verb to stress duration.

Articles are vital in English. They define if something is specific or general. There are two types: definite ("the") and indefinite ("a/an"). "The" refers to a specific noun known to the reader.

“Know something by heart” means to have something fully memorized and recalled without notes, rooted in the old belief that the heart governed memory and emotion.

Using Your Smartphone as a Second Camera for the Duoli

Understanding Past Perfect Tense: Used to show an action completed before another in the past. Structure: Subject + had + past participle (e.g., She had finished).

"While" is a conjunction used to link ideas, show contrast, or indicate simultaneous actions, helping learners enhance writing and speaking by expressing parallel events.

Understanding the difference between "while" and "during" helps in expressing time. "While" is a conjunction showing two actions happening at once, and it introduces a clause with a subject and verb, e.g., *She read a book while...*

Effective Speaking Strategies for the Duo

The phrase "beats me" is an informal way to say "I don't know," used to show uncertainty. Its origin is unclear but likely comes from the idea of being baffled or mentally defeated.

Expressing gratitude builds strong relationships and opens opportunities. Saying “thank you” is a simple but effective way to show appreciation in everyday interactions.